Mikhail Gorbachev Quizlet, City Of Westminster Ca Large Item Pickup, Articles D

Pandolfi, J. M., Connolly, S. R., Marshall, D. J. Co-authors include Deron Burkepile, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara; Chelsey Kratochwill, Tom Shlesinger, Shannon Sully and Robert van Woesik, Institute for Global Ecology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida; Thomas Oliver, Ecosystem Science Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Honolulu; Gregor Hodgson, Reef Check Foundation, Marina del Rey, California; Jan Freiwald, Reef Check Foundation, Marina del Rey, and Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz. 9, 1671 (2018). Our model showed that rates of change in SST are strong predictors of coral bleaching with faster rates of change correlating with higher levels of bleaching (Fig. 1. 2. Answer - Question 1: Water near the shore and on either side of the equator Part 2: Reading Sea Surface Temperature Maps Before students can start using data to understand coral bleaching events, they need to learn how to read sea surface temperature (SST) maps. To be included in this analysis, an ecoregion was required to have hadat least 10 surveys over the 1998 to 2017 sampling period. DHW is degree heating weeks. Coral bleaching was also higher in areas with high rates of change in SST but lower in areas with high variability in SST. The accelerated pace at which ocean temperatures have risen since the 1980s is causing coral bleaching and contributing to widespread loss of reef ecosystems. Temperature patterns and mechanisms influencing coral bleaching during the 2016 El Nio, A global coral-bleaching database, 19802020, High frequency temperature variability reduces the risk of coral bleaching, Increasing thermal stress for tropical coral reefs: 18712017, Resilience of Central Pacific reefs subject to frequent heat stress and human disturbance, Long-term impacts of rising sea temperature and sea level on shallow water coral communities over a ~40 year period, Deep reefs of the Great Barrier Reef offer limited thermal refuge during mass coral bleaching, Global warming transforms coral reef assemblages, Predicting coral dynamics through climate change, https://github.com/InstituteForGlobalEcology/Coral-bleaching-a-global-analysis-of-the-past-two-decades, https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cortad/Version6/, https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.html, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Hidden heatwaves and severe coral bleaching linked to mesoscale eddies and thermocline dynamics, Benthic composition changes on coral reefs at global scales, Fine-scale heterogeneity reveals disproportionate thermal stress and coral mortality in thermally variable reef habitats during a marine heatwave, Deciphering pH-dependent microbial taxa and functional gene co-occurrence in the coral Galaxea fascicularis, Conservation at the edge: connectivity and opportunities from non-protected coral reefs close to a National Park in the Colombian Caribbean.