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[396] By this point, Gorbachev was isolated from many of his former close allies and aides. [438][439], Gorbachev reached a deal with Yeltsin that called for Gorbachev to formally announce his resignation as Soviet President and Commander-in-Chief on 25 December, before vacating the Kremlin by 29 December. All of the following are evidence that freedom for women expanded in the 1970s EXCEPT: e. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke. d. stated that a criminal had the right to a state-appointed lawyer. The election of 1980 reflected: [95] He had been personally vetted for the position by senior Kremlin leaders and was informed of their decision by the Soviet leader, Leonid Brezhnev. a. Neoconservatives came to believe that even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good. a. [433] He desperately looked for an opportunity to preserve the Soviet Union, hoping in vain that the media and intelligentsia might rally against the idea of its dissolution. Opinion: Mikhail Gorbachev's haunting words on what the world really The last Soviet leader, Mikahil Gorbachev, has died at the age of 91. [160] In June he traveled to Ukraine, in July to Belarus, and in September to Tyumen Oblast, urging party members in these areas to take more responsibility for fixing local problems. [287] In March 1987, Thatcher visited Gorbachev in Moscow; despite their ideological differences, they liked one another. c. medical health. [92] That year, the Soviet authorities ordered him to punish Fagim B. Sadykov[ru], a philosophy professor of the Stavropol agricultural institute whose ideas were regarded as critical of Soviet agricultural policy; Gorbachev ensured that Sadykov was fired from teaching but ignored calls for him to face tougher punishment. [650] Many Russians saw his emphasis on persuasion rather than force as a sign of weakness. [644] McCauley noted that in facilitating the merger of East and West Germany, Gorbachev was "a co-father of German unification", assuring him long-term popularity among the German people. [130] That same month, he was promoted from a candidate member to a full member of the Politburo, the highest decision-making authority in the Communist Party. [340] Gorbachev was too preoccupied with domestic problems to pay much attention to these events. In little more than six tumultuous years, Mr. Gorbachev lifted the Iron Curtain, decisively altering the political climate of the world. [417] However, the coup's leaders realized that they lacked sufficient support and ended their efforts. They had secured a federal ban on pornography in the Supreme Court. [202] According to Doder and Branson, this meant "greater openness and candour in government affairs and for an interplay of different and sometimes conflicting views in political debates, in the press, and in Soviet culture".