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The finches that ate large nuts had strong beaks for breaking the nuts open. Darwin observed that finches in the Galpagos Islands had different beaks than finches in South America; these adaptations equiped the birds to acquire specific food sources. The connection between the food source and the physical characteristics of the birds (their phenotype) was the first clue for Darwin that species can indeed adapt, and that the individuals with the best adaptations will be most likely to survive and pass these traits onto their offspring. Naza-Booby. What did Darwin propose caused differences? As populations of the parent species spread from one uninhabited island to the next, they adapted to different ecological niches and rapidly evolved into many descendant species. The ancestral finch was a ground-dwelling, seed-eating finch. How does natural selection affect undesirable traits? Evolution took over and different groups developed different diets. In the Nutcracker Ground Finches of the Galapagos Islands, beak depth is correlated with body size and the mechanical force necessary to crack seeds. How 95f) Low population - since it is an island, small random variations affect a significant part of the population. Hot spots should replace transform plate boundaries. Female finches lay clutches of four to five eggs, one per day. He noticed that each finch species had a different type of beak, depending on the food available on its island. B An astronomical unit (A.U.) Scoville, Heather. . The Darwin's finches helped Charles Darwin derive his theories on evolution and natural selection. Galapagos New England Complex Systems Institute Darwin observed the Galapagos finches had a graded series of beak sizes and shapes and predicted these species were modified from one original mainland species. These animals are now considered the world's fastest evolving birds because of the adaptations they rapidly developed to cope with their needs in such a changing environment.Darwin left the Galapagos on October 20 th, 1835. 4 Why did the same species of birds finches have different kinds of beaks in different areas of the world? 2 How are the finches on the Galapagos Islands similar? Why do finches have different adaptations? The differences in environment selected different variates from the possibilities of the DNA in the finches. Each species specialize in different types of seeds. He called this natural selection. By explaining how these unique finch species came to be, Darwin was able to formulate his theory of evolution by natural selection. How did Darwin explain why the finches on the Galapagos Islands look so similar to each other except for their beaks? lifted should replace volcanic After the five years of the voyage, the Beagle stopped over at the Galapagos Islands, a group of volcanic islands 900 km west of South America. b) Changes in the finches beaks occurred by chance, and when there was a good match between beak structure and available food, those birds had more offspring. Beagle, Biography of Charles Darwin, Originator of the Theory of Evolution, How Artificial Selection Works With Animals, Artificial Selection: Breeding for Desirable Traits, The Legacy of Darwin's "On the Origin of Species", M.A., Technological Teaching and Learning, Ashford University, B.A., Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cornell University.