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The unit was recognized by Congress for their bravery, and William Carney, a member of the unit, became the first black American to receive the Medal of Honor. In Gettysburg, Abraham Brian, a free black man who owned a small farm near Cemetery Ridge, left with his family, as did Basil Biggs, a veterinarian, and Owen Robinson, an oyster seller. Binghamton University historian J. David Hacker says the wars dead numbered about 750,000, an estimate thats 20 percent higher than the commonly cited figure of 620,000. Camp life and the devastating incidence of disease and resulting death graphically appear in soldiers' letters and diaries, as do details about the shortages of food, clothing, and mail from home. By late afternoon, the intrepid Strong had routed the island's defenders back to their strongholds at Wagner and Gregg. The Battle of Fort Wagner on July 18, 1863, was an unsuccessful assault led by the 54 th Massachusetts, an African American infantry, famously depicted in the movie Glory. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. Additionally, the First Kansas Colored Infantry saw service at Island Mound, Missouri, in October of 1862, before officially mustering into service. Poor conditions in military encampments took the lives of many more. 8 American military women were killed the Vietnam War. We have edited this prose as little as possible so that the soldiers' words, misspelled and ungrammatical as they could sometimes be, tell their own story. Because so much material exists on these fighting men, it is impossible to discuss here every aspect of soldiers' lives or even to present anything but a tiny sampling of the letters and diary entries they wrote. This is by far the highest casualty ratio of any war in which America has been involved. Are you kidding me are you f- AT LEAST HE DIDNT ACCEPT THE ROLE OF TAKING COMMAND OVER AN ENTIRE FEDERAL ARMY TO INVADE AND HARASS HIS OWN COUNTRYMEN. Sometimes, a few of the fellows would gather in prayer, while the rest of us fought the guns, wrote Confederate soldier William M. Dame. About half were born in the United States of America, the other half in Quebec. It might not be exact, and thats OK, but were still off by a considerable amount.. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1943. As the 100th New York Regiment approached the fort, they mistakenly fired onto the ramparts, trapping several Federals regiments between two sides of gunfire. Join us July 13-16! They served as pickets, railroad workers, and laborers "discharging the ships, wheeling the dirt, sawing the timber and driving the piles." Fighting in the great war, despite its horrors, was the greatest adventure of their lives. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! Once the Federals overtook Sumter, then the army and the navy could move undisturbed into the city. The effects of this bloody conflict reverberated across the lives of the 3 million men who fought in the war as well as the generations that followed. Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Petersburg National Battlefield Administration Office. Civil War While not necessarily a strategically important city, Northern forces hoped that taking the city could boost Northern morale while demoralizing the South.