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The GI tract contains four layers: the innermost layer is the mucosa, underneath this is the submucosa, followed by the muscularis propria and finally, the outermost layer - the adventitia. Inflammation of the peritoneum is called peritonitis. The muscularis mucosae is a thin layer of smooth muscle and its function is still under debate. Support/stabilize the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity and route for blood. The submucosal plexus (plexus of Meissner) lies in the submucosal layer and is responsible for regulating digestive secretions and reacting to the presence of food (see Figure 23.1.2). The interrelationship of the digestive and endocrine systems is also critical. The lamina propria also contains the mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue (MALT), nodules of lymphatic tissue bearing lymphocytes and macrophages that protect the GI tract wall from bacteria and other pathogens that may be mixed with food. In the stomach. The Gastrointestinal Tract - TeachMeAnatomy Lining of the lumen. The mucosa, composed of simple epithelium cells, is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In addition, the mucosa has a thin, smooth muscle layer, called the muscularis mucosae (not to be confused with the muscularis layer, described below). This process of rapid renewal helps preserve the health of the alimentary canal, despite the wear and tear resulting from continued contact with foodstuffs. Accessory digestive organs, despite their name, are critical to the function of the digestive system. Additionally, it serves as a conduit for a dense branching network of nerves, the submucosal plexus, which functions as described below. 1-The wall of the digestive tract has four layers- 1-Mucosa 2-Sub mucosa 3-Mucosal layer 4-Serosal layer or Serosa Each of these layers have different tissues and functions,the mucosa is the inner most layer and its main function is in anso View the full answer The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation, Chapter 21. The veins that collect nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine (where most absorption occurs) empty into the hepatic portal system. The wall of the digestive tract has four layers or tunics: Mucosa Submucosa Muscular layer Serous layer or serosa The mucosa, or mucous membrane layer, is the innermost tunic of the wall. The lamina propria is a layer of connective tissue that is unusually cellular compared to most connective tissue. The most variation is seen in the epithelium tissue layer of the mucosa. Four Layers of the Atmosphere, Their Functions, Purposes - GradesFixer The stomach is equipped for its churning function by the addition of a third layer, the oblique muscle. Note that during fetal development, certain digestive structures, including the first portion of the small intestine (called the duodenum), the pancreas, and portions of the large intestine (the ascending and descending colon, and the rectum) remain completely or partially posterior to the peritoneum.